1 unit of insulin

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How to Read an Insulin SyringeDiabetes Teaching Center at the University of California, San FranciscoLanguagesSearchCalculating Insulin Dose You will need to calculate some of your insulin doses. You'll also need to know some basic things about insulin. For example, 40-50% of the total daily insulin dose is to replace insulin at night. Your provider will prescribe an insulin dose regimen; however, you still need to calculate some of your insulin doses. Your insulin dose regimen provides formulas that allow you to calculate how much insulin bowls you take in meals and snacks, or correct high blood sugars. In this section you will find: First, some basic things to know about insulin: Bolus – Carbohydrate Coverage The dose of bolt for food coverage is prescribed as an insulin to the ratio of carbohydrates. The insulin-carbohydrate ratio represents how many grams of carbohydrates are covered or eliminated by 1 insulin unit. In general, a fast-acting insulin unit will be disposed of 12-15 grams of carbohydrates. This range can vary from 6-30 grams or more carbohydrates depending on an individual's sensitivity to insulin. Insulin sensitivity can vary from time to day, from person to person, and is affected by physical activity and stress. Bolus – High Blood Sugar Correction (also known as insulin sensitivity factor) The dose of bolt for high blood sugar correction is defined as how much a fast-acting insulin unit will drop sugar in the blood. Generally, to correct a high blood sugar, an insulin unit is needed to drop glucose in the blood at 50 mg/dl. This drop of blood sugar can vary from 30-100 mg/dL or more, depending on the individual insulin sensitivities, and other circumstances. Examples:Read some examples and therapeutic principles on how to calculate the dose of carbohydrate coverage, doses of high blood sugar correction and the total dose of insulin. Example #1: Carbohydrate Coverage in a Food First, you should calculate the insulin dose of carbohydrate coverage using this formula: CHO insulin dose = Total CHO in the food ÷ grams of CHO arranged by 1 insulin unit (CHO grams arranged by 1 insulin unit is the lower number or denominator of the Insulin ratio). For example #1, assume: To get the insulin dose of the CHO, plug the numbers in the formula: insulin dose of PAHO = total PAHO levels in food (60 g) ÷ grams of PAHO arranged by 1 insulin unit (10) = 6 units You will need 6 units of fast insulin to cover the carbohydrate. Example #2: blood sugar correction doseNext, you have to calculate the dose of high blood sugar correction. High blood sugar correction dose = Difference between real blood sugar and target blood sugar* ÷ correction factor.* Real blood sugar minus target blood sugarFor example #2, assume: Now, calculate the difference between your real blood sugar and target blood sugar:220 minus 120 mg/dl = 100 mg/dl To get the insulin dose of high blood sugar correction, plug the numbers in this formula: Correctional dose = Difference between real and target blood glucose (100mg/dl) = 2 units of fast action insulin Therefore, you will need 2 additional units of quick-acting insulin to "cut" blood sugar to a target of 120 mg/dl. Example #3: Total dose of food time Finally, to get the total dose of insulin of food time, add the insulin dose of PAHO along with the insulin dose of blood sugar correction: CHO Insulin dose + High blood sugar correction dose = Total insulin dose For example #3, assume:Now, add the two doses together to calculate the total dose of insulin. Carbohydrate coverage dose (6 units) + high sugar correction dose (2 units) = 8 units total dose of food! The total insulin dose of lunch is 8 units of fast insulin. Example #4: Formulas commonly used to create insulin dose recommendations This example illustrates a method for calculating the dose of substance/basal and bolt and the estimated daily dose of insulin when you need full insulin replacement. Note that this can be too much insulin if you are recently diagnosed or still doing a lot of insulin on your own. And it can be very little if you are very resistant to insulin action. Talk to your provider about the best dose of insulin for you as this is a general formula and may not meet your individual needs. The initial calculation of the basal/back and screw doses requires estimating your daily total dose of insulin: Total daily insulin requirements: The general calculation for the daily insulin requirement of the body is: Total daily insulin requirement (in insulin units) = Pound weight 4Alternatively, if you measure your body weight in kilograms: Total insulin requirement If your body is insulin sensitive, it may require a lower dose of insulin. Baseline/background and Bolus Insulin dose Afterwards, you must set the basal/background dose, the dose of carbohydrate coverage (insulin for carbohydrate ratio) and the high dose of blood sugar correction (correction factor). Basal/background insulin dose: Basal/background Insulin dose = 40-50% of the total daily insulin dose Example: In this example:Basal/background insulin dose = 50% TDI (40 units) = 20 long-acting insulin units (such as glargine or detemir) or quick-acting insulin if you are using a insulin pump (subcutaneous infusion device). The ratio of carbohydrate coverage:500 ÷ Total daily insulin dose = 1 insulin unit covers so many grams of carbohydrates This can be calculated using the "500" Rule: Bolus Carbohydrates Calculation In this example :Carbohydrates coverage ratio = 500 ÷ TDI(40 units) = 1unit insulin/ 12 g CHOThis example above assumes that you have a constant response to insulin throughout the day. In fact, the individual sensitivity of insulin varies. Someone who is resistant in the morning, but sensitive at noon, will have to adjust the insulin-carbohydrate ratio at different moments of food. In such a case, the insulin dose of the fund would still be approximately 20 units; however, the insulin-carbohydrate breakfast ratio could be breakfast 1:8 grams, lunch 1:15 grams and dinner 1:12 grams. Insulin to carbohydrates may vary during the day. Insulin to carbohydrates may vary during the day. Blood sugar correction factor: Correction factor = 1800 ÷Total of the daily insulin dose = 1 insulin unit will reduce blood sugar as many mg/dl This can be calculated using the "1800" Rule. Example: In this example: Correction factor = 1800 ÷ TDI (40 units) = 1 insulin unit will reduce the blood sugar level by 45 mg/dlWhile the calculation is 1 unit will lower the blood sugar 45 mg/dl, so it is easier than most people round or round the number so that the suggested correction factor can be 1 insulin mg/dl. Please note that the estimated insulin regimen is an initial "best guess" and the dose may need to be modified to keep your blood sugar in the target. In addition, there are many variations in insulin therapy. You will need to meet your specific insulin requirements and dose regimen with your health care provider and diabetes equipment. Self-assessment Quiz are available for covered topics on this website. To know how much you've learned about Type 1 Diabetes Treatment, take ours when you've completed this section. The test is a multiple option. Please choose the best answer to each question. At the end of the test, your score will appear. If your score is over 70% correct, you're doing very well. If your score is below 70%, you can return to this section and review the information. Types of Diabetes ©2007-2021 Collective work Martha Nolte Kennedy, Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.

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